Warm-up exercises performed before any sports training or physical activity are often perceived as merely loosening the muscles and joints. However, one of the most important aspects of the warm-up process is bringing the central nervous system (CNS) into a working state.
When warm-up exercises begin, blood circulation in the body accelerates, and oxygen delivery to the brain increases. This process activates synaptic connections between neurons. Once the central nervous system enters an "awakened" state, the transmission of impulses between the brain and muscles speeds up. As a result, a person's reaction speed to external stimuli increases significantly.
Reaction speed is the time between receiving a specific signal and responding to it. Warm-up exercises, especially dynamic and coordinative movements (for example, light jumps, quick movements), reduce the inhibitory processes of the CNS and strengthen the excitatory processes. This allows an athlete or an ordinary person to make decisions faster and act more accurately in unexpected situations.
Furthermore, warm-up exercises awaken the proprioceptive system β that is, the body's ability to sense its position in space. This increases the sensitivity of neurons and ensures the precision of movements. If the CNS is not sufficiently warmed up, reaction time slows down, which leads not only to a decrease in sports performance but also to an increased risk of injury.
In conclusion, correctly performed warm-up exercises optimize the "connection" between the brain and the body. By activating the central nervous system, we increase not only our physical strength but also our cognitive speed. Therefore, spending 10-15 minutes before any activity is not just a tradition, but a neurophysiological necessity.
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